1 September 24, 2024
Articles
1. Alexander Cherkas
Cherkasovs (Keretskys): During the Period of the Muscovite Kingdom (to the 450th Anniversary of the Cherkasov Family)
Gardarika. 2024. 11(1): 3-16.
Number of views: 24 Download in PDF
2. Ol'ga Yu. LarionovaGardarika. 2024. 11(1): 3-16.
Abstract:
The paper examines the history of the Cherkasov family from Keret during the period of the Muscovite Kingdom. The attention is given to the first five generations in the history of the family, who lived in the period from 1570 to 1725. The source base of our research is based on archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (Moscow, Russian Federation), as well as the Archive of the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation). In conclusion, the author states that the history of the Cherkasovs from Keret today has 17 generations, which fell on the period from 1570 to the present. At the same time, the family history of the period of the Moscow Kingdom is only the first five generations (1570–1725): the initial chronological point is associated with the birth in 1570 in the Zaporozhian Sich (territory of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) of a Cossack named David (1st generation), and the final one with the death in 1725 of a representative of the 5th generation Prokopii Antonovich Cherkasov. With the death of Prokopii Antonovich, an entire epoch came to an end – an epoch in which a representative from the 2nd generation of the Cherkas Davydov family, the son, stays from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to the territory of the Moscow Kingdom, serves in its military formations and settles in Keret. Cherkas's sons, who continued their father's work, also receive excellent military training. Cherkas' grandson Anton participates in the defense of the Solovetsky Monastery, and his great-grandchildren serve in the Streltsy army and take part in hostilities. During this era, all four generations of Cherkasovs from Keret (2nd – 5th generations) were directly related to military service in the Muscovite Kingdom either as part of military men or as part of the Streletsky army. This allows us to talk about the Cherkasovs from Keret as a family of sovereign servants of the period of the Moscow Kingdom.
The paper examines the history of the Cherkasov family from Keret during the period of the Muscovite Kingdom. The attention is given to the first five generations in the history of the family, who lived in the period from 1570 to 1725. The source base of our research is based on archival materials from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (Moscow, Russian Federation), as well as the Archive of the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation). In conclusion, the author states that the history of the Cherkasovs from Keret today has 17 generations, which fell on the period from 1570 to the present. At the same time, the family history of the period of the Moscow Kingdom is only the first five generations (1570–1725): the initial chronological point is associated with the birth in 1570 in the Zaporozhian Sich (territory of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) of a Cossack named David (1st generation), and the final one with the death in 1725 of a representative of the 5th generation Prokopii Antonovich Cherkasov. With the death of Prokopii Antonovich, an entire epoch came to an end – an epoch in which a representative from the 2nd generation of the Cherkas Davydov family, the son, stays from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to the territory of the Moscow Kingdom, serves in its military formations and settles in Keret. Cherkas's sons, who continued their father's work, also receive excellent military training. Cherkas' grandson Anton participates in the defense of the Solovetsky Monastery, and his great-grandchildren serve in the Streltsy army and take part in hostilities. During this era, all four generations of Cherkasovs from Keret (2nd – 5th generations) were directly related to military service in the Muscovite Kingdom either as part of military men or as part of the Streletsky army. This allows us to talk about the Cherkasovs from Keret as a family of sovereign servants of the period of the Moscow Kingdom.
Number of views: 24 Download in PDF
The Distribution Sheet and Lists of Homeowners of the Votkinsk Plant, as a Source for Studying the Sociology of Factory Settlements in the second half of the XIX century
Gardarika. 2024. 11(1): 17-85.
Number of views: 22 Download in PDF
3. Nicholas W. Mitiukov, Yury L. KimGardarika. 2024. 11(1): 17-85.
Abstract:
The article examines the territorial division of the village of Votkinsky zavod in Sarapulsky district of Vyatka province in the XIX century into districts and streets. Four rural societies are reflected by the author on the map of the village. Changes in historical street names were investigated and published by the author earlier. For the first time in Votkinsk historiography, lists of homeowners with the distribution of residents of the Votkinsk plant by rural societies in 1866–1868 are published. The given lists with notes by a representative of the municipal government – a volost foreman near the names of the homeowners are an important informative source for further research on both the sociology of the factory settlement, the state of medicine in the middle of the XIX century, and in determining the owners of the ancient buildings preserved in the city, many of which were built during this period.
The article examines the territorial division of the village of Votkinsky zavod in Sarapulsky district of Vyatka province in the XIX century into districts and streets. Four rural societies are reflected by the author on the map of the village. Changes in historical street names were investigated and published by the author earlier. For the first time in Votkinsk historiography, lists of homeowners with the distribution of residents of the Votkinsk plant by rural societies in 1866–1868 are published. The given lists with notes by a representative of the municipal government – a volost foreman near the names of the homeowners are an important informative source for further research on both the sociology of the factory settlement, the state of medicine in the middle of the XIX century, and in determining the owners of the ancient buildings preserved in the city, many of which were built during this period.
Number of views: 22 Download in PDF
The Sarapul City Ferry Fleet Based on Records of 1926–1947
Gardarika. 2024. 11(1): 86-107.
Number of views: 25 Download in PDF
4. Gardarika. 2024. 11(1): 86-107.
Abstract:
Existing works on Soviet water transport usually draw conclusions based solely on information about the work of shipping companies subordinate to the Ministry of River Fleet. The main reason for this should be sought in the lack of a good source base for the fleets of other enterprises. In this work, based on the available funds of the Sarapul City Ferry, a reconstruction of the biographies of the vessels it had is made. It is concluded that the available industrial and financial plans and reports on their implementation are quite adequate for this purpose. At the same time, their comparative analysis showed that the management of the city ferry had a certain amount of voluntarism, since not all plans were implemented. In this regard, a comparison of the planned and actually spent amounts on capital works is of great importance. The remaining sources did not represent a single array of data, but they made it possible to clarify a number of facts and data. The most valuable of them were the orders on personnel, which made it possible to clarify the names of the vessels, since reports and industrial and financial plans most often do not name them. Reconstruction of the ship biographies showed that the city ferry played an important role in the housing and communal services of Sarapul throughout its existence. However, its material part constantly lagged behind the urgent needs of the city. This is especially evident in the war period, when the fulfillment of the transportation plan barely reached 40 %. Obviously, the reasons for this should be sought in the misunderstanding of the city leadership of the real needs of river workers. So, instead of technical re-equipment of the fleet, it invested large funds in its repair. And the capacity of the fleet used was seriously limited by the capabilities of its semi-artisanal technical maintenance. Therefore, it was possible to actually solve the transport problem of the crossing only after the transfer of the fleet to the Udmurt Department of Small Rivers.
Existing works on Soviet water transport usually draw conclusions based solely on information about the work of shipping companies subordinate to the Ministry of River Fleet. The main reason for this should be sought in the lack of a good source base for the fleets of other enterprises. In this work, based on the available funds of the Sarapul City Ferry, a reconstruction of the biographies of the vessels it had is made. It is concluded that the available industrial and financial plans and reports on their implementation are quite adequate for this purpose. At the same time, their comparative analysis showed that the management of the city ferry had a certain amount of voluntarism, since not all plans were implemented. In this regard, a comparison of the planned and actually spent amounts on capital works is of great importance. The remaining sources did not represent a single array of data, but they made it possible to clarify a number of facts and data. The most valuable of them were the orders on personnel, which made it possible to clarify the names of the vessels, since reports and industrial and financial plans most often do not name them. Reconstruction of the ship biographies showed that the city ferry played an important role in the housing and communal services of Sarapul throughout its existence. However, its material part constantly lagged behind the urgent needs of the city. This is especially evident in the war period, when the fulfillment of the transportation plan barely reached 40 %. Obviously, the reasons for this should be sought in the misunderstanding of the city leadership of the real needs of river workers. So, instead of technical re-equipment of the fleet, it invested large funds in its repair. And the capacity of the fleet used was seriously limited by the capabilities of its semi-artisanal technical maintenance. Therefore, it was possible to actually solve the transport problem of the crossing only after the transfer of the fleet to the Udmurt Department of Small Rivers.
Number of views: 25 Download in PDF